Stablecoins
FSB (Financial Stability Board)
FSB's G20 mandate for financial stability standard-setting, its 2023 crypto and stablecoin recommendations, and the October 2025 peer review findings.
FSMA 2023 (Financial Services and Markets Act 2023 — UK)
The UK's primary post-Brexit financial regulatory framework, extending regulated activity status to cryptoasset businesses, establishing FCA authorization requirements, and setting an October 2027 go-live date for the full regime.
JFSA (Japan Financial Services Agency)
JFSA's dual regulatory mandate covering security tokens under FIEA and crypto exchanges plus stablecoins under PSA, within Japan's post-Mt. Gox consumer protection framework.
MAS (Monetary Authority of Singapore)
MAS as Singapore's integrated financial regulator, its Payment Services Act DPT licensing regime, Project Guardian institutional DeFi pilots, and the June 2025 DTSP framework.
MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation)
The European Union's comprehensive regulatory framework for crypto-assets, establishing three asset categories, CASP authorization with EU passporting rights, stablecoin reserve requirements, and ESMA oversight.